[Lowfer] Experimental antenna?

[Lyle Koehler]

One of the stations in the AMRAD LF experiment used an "earth bipole"
antenna at 137 kHz. I don't remember the details, but I believe the
separation between the grounds was on the order of 1000 feet, and the
transmitter power was 200 watts. To my knowledge, the most distant reception
report was from Mitch, VE3OT, at approximately 1000 km. Obviously the
antenna worked, although LowFERs with "above ground" antennas have achieved
much greater distances at 1-watt power levels.

The US Navy uses a system something like that at a frequency of 76 Hz, with
antenna systems in Wisconsin and upper Michigan. Try a web search that
includes the terms elf, navy, and clam (one of the sites is near Clam Lake,
WI). One site of interest is http://www.elfrad.com/clam.htm  There is an
informative fact sheet in pdf format on another web site. I'd include the
URL, but it is about three lines long and not likely to survive the pasting
process :-)

Lyle, K0LR