[TheForge] Re: You can always tell a Yankee...

[Chuck Robinson]

Kevin,
Air hardening steels don't generally need a separate normalizing heat. The
grain refinement occurs as the temperature drops below critical.
With simple carbon steels, Jim Batson recommends normalizing 3 times before
the hardening quench and then drawing the steel in an annealing oven
immediately.
Works for me.
Chuck
----- Original Message -----
From: "Kevin D" <flyinpig at go-concepts.com>
To: "Sponsored by ABANA" <theforge at mailman.qth.net>
Sent: Friday, January 14, 2005 5:49 AM
Subject: RE: [TheForge] Re: You can always tell a Yankee...


> Chuck,
>
> Thanks, but does that mean air hardened steel is normalized, as that
sounds
> pretty close to hardening process?
>
> Kevin
>
>   ------Original Message-----
>   -From: theforge-bounces at mailman.qth.net
>   -[mailto:theforge-bounces at mailman.qth.net]On Behalf Of Chuck Robinson
>   -Sent: Thursday, January 13, 2005 11:53 PM
>   -To: mspencer at tallships.ca; Sponsored by ABANA
>   -Subject: Re: [TheForge] Re: You can always tell a Yankee...
>   -
>   -
>   -When you normalize carbon steel you bring it to about 50 degrees F
above
>   -critical and let it air harden in still air, to black heat.
>   -It is a thermal  grain refining process.
>   -If you bring the steel to forging temperature much over critical you
will
>   -get grain growth and consequently brittle steel. the thickness
>   -of the metal
>   -will affect how fast the metal cools and consequently how hard the
cooled
>   -metal will be.
>   - The less carbon and other alloys in the steel the less effect
>   -the cooling
>   -rate will change  the hardness.
>   -Chuck
>   ------ Original Message -----
>   -From: "Mike Spencer" <mspencer at tallships.ca>
>   -To: <theforge at mailman.qth.net>
>   -Sent: Thursday, January 13, 2005 5:55 PM
>   -Subject: [TheForge] Re: You can always tell a Yankee...
>   -
>   -
>   ->
>   -> > For our use, I wonder what the real difference is between
>   -> > "normalized" and "as forged"?  As long as the last heats you don't
>   -> > beat stresses into it.
>   ->
>   -> I dunno, Dan.  Sam Allen, the prof at MIT who is also a blacksmith
and
>   -> has a forge shop in the basement of the main building there, wrote a
>   -> first-year textbook for materials science.  I keep meaning to order
it
>   -> but it keeps getting put off.  I'm not completely clear on the
>   -> difference, at the crystal or grain level between annealing and
>   -> normalizing.  (Hence the scare quotes around those words in my post.)
>   ->
>   -> - Mike
>   ->
>   -> --
>   -> Michael Spencer                  Nova Scotia, Canada       .~.
>   ->                                                            /V\
>   -> mspencer at tallships.ca                                     /( )\
>   -> http://home.tallships.ca/mspencer/                        ^^-^^
>   ->
>   -> --
>   ->
>   ->
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