[SMCARA] The ARRL Letter Vol. 26, No. 35
J D Delancy
W1JD at drix.net
Sun Sep 2 13:49:37 EDT 2007
***************
The ARRL Letter
Vol. 26, No. 35
August 31, 2007
***************
IN THIS EDITION:
* + FCC Issues Two Citations in Longstanding Power Line Noise Case
* + Tennessee Amateur Finds Innovative Way to Promote Ham Radio
* + Michigan Hams Activated Due to Storms and Tornado
* + ARRL Announces New Fall Publications
* + Lab Testing Changes Detailed in October QST
* + ARRL Continues Efforts on Interference to PAVE PAWS Radar Sites
* Solar Update
* IN BRIEF:
This Weekend on the Radio
ARRL Continuing Education Course Registration
+ ARRL Headquarters Closed in Observance of Labor Day
+ Upcoming Meteor Shower Can Be Boon for VHFers
ARRL/TAPR Digital Communications Conference Sunday Seminar Announced
Malaysia to Celebrate 50 Years of Independence with Amateur Radio
Event
QEX -- In This Issue
Let Us Know
+Available on ARRL Audio News <http://www.arrl.org/arrlletter/audio/>
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==>Editorial questions or comments only: S. Khrystyne Keane,
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===========================================================
==> FCC ISSUES TWO CITATIONS IN LONGSTANDING POWER LINE NOISE CASE
The Federal Communications Commission's Dallas Field Office issued Citations
on July 25 to two utilities in a longstanding power line noise case in
Lubbock, Texas. Bryan Edwards, W5KFT, of Lubbock, first reported the
interference concerning the two involved utilities, Lubbock Power & Light
(LP&L) and Xcel Energy, as early as 1994. The record shows that the FCC
Dallas Field Office clarified the FCC rules with regard to power line noise
for LP&L as early as 1998, and issued three letters to LP&L in 2003 and
2004. Xcel Energy was first issued an FCC letter in 2004.
The Citations to the Lubbock utilities said that due to an investigation
conducted by the FCC's Dallas office May 22-25, 2007, they found that both
LP&L and Xcel "caused harmful interference to the reception of amateur
communications to amateur licensee W5KFT in Lubbock, Texas," and that
"Section 15.209 sets the general radiated emission limits for intentional
radiators. The limit for the band 30 to 88 MHz is 100 micro-volts per meter
measured at 3 meters. The attached list of strong electrical arcing points
appears to exceed the value allowed even for intentional radiators." The
list, attached to each Citation, included 44 separate "strong electrical
arcing points" that were found near Edwards' home.
The FCC directed both LP&L and Xcel, pursuant to the Commission's Rules, to
provide documents and information within 10 days of their respective
Citations. "Because the source of harmful interference is emanating from
more than one power company and past attempts have not resolved the problem,
you must submit a written plan describing the planned resolution of this
case," including LP&L's coordination with Xcel Energy and Xcel's
coordination with LP&L, according to the Citations. Also, each company is
"directed to provide a report every sixty (60) days, of work completed to
resolve the interference until your distribution system is in compliance."
Each Lubbock utility was warned that "[v]iolations of the Act or the
Commission's Rules may subject the violator to substantial monetary
forfeitures, seizure of equipment through in rem forfeiture action, and
criminal sanctions, including imprisonment." In rem is a civil forfeiture
proceeding as opposed to a criminal forfeiture proceeding.
In its undated Response to the FCC's Citation, LP&L stated that it "does not
admit to and specifically denies any violation of the [Communications] Act
[of 1934] or any rule pertaining thereto," but "in order to comply with
the...Citation, the City of Lubbock files this response." As a result of the
Citations issued by the FCC, LP&L's Response stated that representatives
from "Lubbock Power & Light met with Paul Leonard, P.E., Area Engineer with
Xcel Energy to discuss the alleged findings regarding harmful interference
to the reception of amateur communications by amateur licensee W5KFT in
Lubbock, Texas."
Xcel's Response pointed out that the Citation acknowledges "that the source
of harmful interference to amateur licensee W5KFT is emanating from more
than one power company." Xcel also alleges that it "has been working with
amateur W5KFT for a number of years in an effort to identify the source of,
and a possible resolution for, the harmful interference he is experiencing.
Xcel Energy has a good working relationship with the licensee and has
coordinated with him on numerous occasions in attempting to resolve his
interference problems."
Xcel goes on to assure the FCC that it will "retain an outside technical
consultant to provide an unbiased assessment of whether the harmful
interference to W5KFT is attributable to Xcel Energy's power system and if
so, what corrective measures would be required." Edwards reported that on
Thursday, August 30, he received a phone call from Paul Leonard, head of
Xcel Energy in West Texas. Edwards said he was told that Xcel has contracted
with Mike Martin, K3RFI, to come out to Lubbock in October to work on the
line noise. "Leonard said they tried to get LP&L to participate with them
and Mike, but they refused to do so," Edwards said. Martin owns and operates
RFI Services, a firm dedicated exclusively to RFI locating and training. He
has been locating interference sources for more than 25 years, solving an
average of 500 complaints a year, according to the ARRL Lab. Martin has also
given power line interference workshops at ARRL Headquarters.
ARRL Lab Manager Ed Hare, W1RFI, said, "I am pleased to see the FCC taking a
strong enforcement step in this case. It has gone on for a long time, and
this Citation should serve to finally get things resolved. It is unfortunate
that some of the power line cases the ARRL is handling can't be resolved
without the FCC taking formal action, but I expect that electric utilities
across the country will now take notice of this case."
Most power line noise sources in fact can be located quickly and
economically, Gruber said; many utilities in fact handle power line noise
complaints as a matter of routine maintenance. "All it takes is a properly
trained RFI investigator with modern noise locating equipment. By using
noise signature techniques, the utilities would have had only to address
those sources actually contributing to the problem. The message to utilities
here is clear. Don't ignore power line noise complaints! Don't make the FCC
get involved!"
For more information on this story, as well as links to the ARRL report, the
FCC's Citations and the utilities' Responses, please see the ARRL Web site
<http://www.arrl.org/news/stories/2007/08/30/100/?nc=1>.
==> TENNESSEE AMATEUR FINDS INNOVATIVE WAY TO PROMOTE HAM RADIO
About three years ago, Cliff Segar, KD4GT, and his wife Kati were looking
for another place to live. After months of looking, they found their dream
house in Rockwood, Tennessee. There was just one problem -- it was right on
Interstate 40.
Two billboards were located within the Segar's new property. "They don't
provide much in the way of income; basically just paying the annual property
taxes in 'rural' Tennessee. Of the two billboards, Segar said the one "up
front (from our house perspective)" is the prime space. It is larger and
lighted and in use. The other billboard was not rented, and it was getting
run down, with brush and trees overtaking its view from the Interstate.
This year, the ground lease for the two billboards came up for renewal.
Segar said that this was his opportunity to do something useful. "Basically,
the new lease for the previously unused billboard stipulated that the
billboard company had the obligation to keep the brush and vegetation clear
and, 'when the sign is not sold, lessee will agree to provide and install a
vinyl face advertising Amateur Radio activities.'" Segar said that the only
way the billboard company would agree to this stipulation was if they
provided the vinyl facing at their expense. "This was even better than I
thought it would be. Since the sign had not been sold at any time in the
prior three years, I expect to see the sign for quite a long time," Segar
said.
With the new lease signed, Segar sent an e-mail to ARRL Media and Public
Relations Manager Allen Pitts, W1AGP, to let him know of this exciting
development. "In case anyone is wondering if anyone in Newington reads
e-mail, they do -- and frequently. In about an hour, Allen called me to work
out the details," Segar said. Within two days, the ARRL graphics department
had created the design for the vinyl facing.
"The only thing I requested," Segar said, "was to have a couple of 2 meter
repeater frequencies listed for use by those of you driving past. The one
repeater was basically a must since the Roane County Amateur Radio Club, in
a moment of collective weakness, elected me president for the year. The only
problem is that KE4RX/r is behind anyone who sees the sign. We needed a
repeater that would continue to work with them for the next 30-plus miles."
After a few discussions with Paul Drothler, WO4U, in Crossville, Tennessee,
W4NSA/r was deemed the flagship repeater for use westbound. According to
Segar, it is the primary repeater used by ARES during severe weather or
other emergency situations. "If you are ever on I-40 between Cookville and
Knoxville, dial in 146.895, pl 118.8 or 147.015+ and give a call. We will
try to be listening, but please don't report that you caused an emergency
slowing down to look at the sign!"
Segar says this billboard is not about him -- it is about Amateur Radio and
the ways hams can promote it: "With the constant pressure from commercial
interests on the spectrum allocated to the Amateur Radio Service, we all
need to do something to promote the public benefit of the Amateur Radio
Service. We are to be more than a hobby. It is part of our licensing
agreement. It is even part of our name. We are to be a Service. I strongly
urge everyone to think seriously about how they can be a service to their
community through Amateur Radio. ARES is a good primary start and one that
is most visible to the leaders of your community. Providing communication at
public service events is another. But there are many more. To use an
overworked cliché, think outside the box. Become involved. Getting a DXCC or
WAS award is great. A 5BDXCC shows even more dedication but it really
doesn't help 'pay' for the spectrum we enjoy. Your city mayor or county
supervisors really don't care that y!
ou managed to work Peter I Island on five bands at the bottom of the
sunspot cycle -- there's nothing in it for them. Each of us needs to show
our elected and appointed officials that Amateur Radio really is a high
quality and vital Service to them. The sooner that happens, the easier it
will be to put up that new antenna you've been wanting."
He continued: "Be innovative. The great folks in Newington are ready,
willing and able to help you. Join the ARRL and get involved. Join a local
club. Get active in ARES, RACES or a local CERT group. Spend a Saturday with
a handheld radio at a parade. You and the thousands of other licensed
operators in the Amateur Radio Service worldwide will continue to enjoy the
challenges, joys and magic of Amateur Radio. This billboard is only part of
my contribution. What's yours?"
==> MICHIGAN HAMS ACTIVATED DUE TO STORMS AND TORNADO
On Friday, August 24 at 5:15 PM (EDT), the National Weather Service issued a
severe thunderstorm warning for Genesee County. This storm produced two
tornados in the mid-Michigan area that caused severe damage to several
towns. The greatest damage occurred in the City of Fenton located just south
of Flint. The NWS confirmed that an EF2 tornado had touched down and had
torn a path 26 miles long and up to 0.5 miles wide through Livingston,
Oakland, Genesee and Lapeer County, damaging at least 250 homes and
businesses. An EF2 tornado, using the Enhanced Fujita scale, is a wind
estimate of 110-135 MPH in a three-second gust. More than 12,000 people lost
power due to the storms.
Before the tornado hit, Michigan's Genesee County ARES and SKYWARN were
activated due to a severe thunderstorm watch. The storm moved into the
county with such heavy rain that visibility dropped down to zero at several
points. Funnel clouds were seen in the western part of the county, but these
could not be confirmed. The NWS issued a Tornado Warning based on confirmed
sightings in the adjacent counties to the west, as well as reports from
their Doppler radar.
As spotters continued to watch the storm, Randy Bond, N8VDS, spotted the
funnel heading for Fenton and reported it to the NWS via his ham radio; Fred
Moses Jr, W8FSM, confirmed the sighting. Moments later, the Genesee County
911 central dispatch center received a call that the roof on the brand new
Tractor Supply Company store in Fenton had caved in and that the tornado had
touched down. About half of the Fenton Community Center's roof was blown
off, and debris from the building blew across the road to Fenton United
Methodist Church.
Genesee County 911 called out the fire departments and activated their Fire
Coordination Plan. Ham radio spotters have an agreement with Genesee County
fire departments to provide supplemental communications for the departments.
Hams were providing communications via the SKYWARN net and the Fire
Coordination net.
As the county's fire departments started to move toward the building
collapse in Fenton, hams were already on the scene. Bond and Mike Schafer,
KB8RVP, shifted gears from weather spotters to Fire Coordination operators.
At the request of the fire chief at the scene, Bond went to the Fenton City
fire station and, using ham radio, assisted their dispatch center; the storm
had damaged their radio fire communications tower, so Bond and Schafer
started working dispatch for them using their ham radios until the dispatch
center was able to resume normal fire communications.
Jerry Baker, KD8AYL, was next to arrive on the scene at the collapsed
building and after meeting with the Incident Commander, Baker was assigned
the task of setting up radio communications with more ARES volunteers in the
Flint region.
As more reports of damage came in, the Fenton City and Township Fire
Department became overloaded; their crippled communications tower did not
help matters. ARES Emergency Coordinator for Genesee County Greg Ybarra,
N8HXQ, coordinated the response during this incident and put out a call for
help to District 3 Emergency Coordinator Greg Allinger, WA8OGJ. Allinger
contacted other ARES units in the state, and Amateur Radio operators from
nine Michigan counties responded to the Fenton area to help.
Evaluation of the damage started immediately after the storm. Baker was
reassigned to a relief shelter to aid the Red Cross. What would normally
have been a drive of less than 10 minutes took almost an hour due to trees
and power lines down everywhere. "Trees as much as 36 inches in diameter and
more than 100 years old had been ripped out of the ground by the storm;
regular electric power was out and the damage reports just never seemed to
end," he said.
The Genesee County Office of Emergency Management activated their Mobile
Command Unit. The MCU has an Amateur Radio station in it, as well as radios
for all public service organizations. The city set up a command post in the
parking lot of the Fenton City fire department and began operations from
there. Michigan State Police responded to the area and instituted an 8 PM
curfew for everyone. State and local police set up road blocks. Access was
restricted to police, fire, National Guard, Red Cross, Salvation Army or
ARES.
ARES volunteers worked with all aspects of the incident. Damage reports and
assessments continued until 1:30 AM Saturday when the Incident Commander
determined everyone should break until 5:30 AM to get some rest.
==> ARRL ANNOUNCES NEW FALL PUBLICATIONS
The ARRL has announced its new fall publications lineup. ARRL Sales and
Marketing Manager Bob Inderbitzen, NQ1R, said, "ARRL's fall lineup includes
the biggest new publication introductions this year. These new books will
keep you current with rapid advances in radio operating and
experimentation."
The ARRL Handbook for Radio Communications - 2008 (Eighty-Fifth Edition)
uniquely serves both amateur experimenters and industry practitioners,
emphasizing connections between basic theory and application. This 85th
edition is both a useful introduction to radio communication and a source
for answers to questions about every aspect of the state-of-the-art. Topics
include Amateur Radio licensing requirements and operating activities,
fundamental and advanced electronics and communications concepts, radio
propagation and antenna theory, practical projects, repair techniques,
references and much more. The Handbook includes descriptions for new and
emerging wireless technologies involving digital signal processing (DSP)
innovations, and radio applications utilizing software and the Internet. The
book is filled with valuable references, practical examples and projects.
The CD-ROM at the back of the book includes all of the fully searchable text
and illustrations in the printed bo!
ok, as well as companion software, PC board templates and other support
files.
Revisions to the 2008 Handbook include new filter theory and design
examples, including a HF/6 meter high-power low-pass filter project, and
revised and expanded RF safety content -- including new insights into RF
safety regulations and research. New projects include: MKII updated
universal QRP transmitter; MicroR2 receiver and MicroT2 transmitter;
ID-O-Matic-10-minute ID timer for individual, repeater or beacon control;
simple computer-to-transceiver serial port interface and USB interface;
keying adapter to interface vintage radios with modern gear (CW keying or
amplifier TR keying), and more.
The softcover edition of the Handbook sells for $44.95; the hardcover sells
for $59.95. As an early bird bonus, the ARRL Software Library for Hams
CD-ROM, v 2.0, will be included with each Handbook ordered before October
31, 2007; this is a $20 value. The CD includes quick access to utilities,
applications, and information; software for contesting, digital voice, HF
digital (PSK31, MFSK16, MT63, and RTTY), meteor scatter and moonbounce, book
excerpts and more, as well as programs for APRS, Winlink 2000, packet radio
and satellite tracking. Both editions will be available in early October.
ARRL's HF Digital Handbook -- Fourth Edition is your guide to understanding
the most active HF digital communication modes in use today. There is
something here for every radio operator -- beginners and more advanced
operators alike. And, as this technology rapidly advances, your increased
understanding of digital communication techniques will make certain that you
stay in the race as new modes and methods unfold. This 4th edition book
includes expanded station setup information, discussion of PSKMail and other
varieties of PSK, new content on Olivia, DominoEX, HF digital voice and
image modes, and Automatic Link Establishment. Are you just getting started
with exploring digital communications? All it takes is your
sound-card-equipped computer and your HF transceiver. ARRL's HF Digital
Handbook will guide you through the rest. This softcover book will be
available in early October for $19.95.
ARRL's Low Power Communication -- Third Edition shows how you can explore
the excitement of low-power radio operating. Discover how to build and
operate low-power radio gear - the QRP way, with sections on equipment and
station accessories, antennas and operating strategies. There are new
sections on Emergency Communication and surplus military equipment,
including how to restore and use this classic radio hardware. This book can
be purchased alone for $19.95 and includes the complete assembly manual for
the MFJ Cub Transceiver Kit, or with the MFJ-9340K 40M QRP-Cub CW
Transceiver Kit for $99.95. Both editions will be available in early
October.
FCC Rules and Regulations for the Amateur Radio Service is now available for
only $5.95. The new 8-1/2 x 11 reference contains the complete Part 97 rules
from Title 47 of the Code of Federal Regulations, effective February 23,
2007.
Antenna Compendium Volume 4, the popular antenna book from 1995, is being
reprinted due to increasing demand. This is the fourth in the popular ARRL
Antenna Compendium series. You'll find 38 articles inside, covering a wide
range of topics. There are simple, practical antenna projects, and there are
heavy-duty, theoretical treatments of complex arrays. When the sunspots are
low, head for the low-bands - seven articles are devoted to 80 and 160
meters, including some truly gargantuan arrays. There are articles for
mobile work, too. A section on portable or temporary antennas that will get
you thinking about Field Day in June, regardless of what time of year you
read it. The Antenna Compendium Volume 4 will be available in September for
only $20.
AC Power Interference Handbook, 3rd edition, revised, looks at the causes,
effects, locating and correction of power-line and electrical interference,
and includes a new locating concept! "This easy-to-read, very practical
book, is a must for anyone responsible for solving interference
problems." -- Vern Chartier, past chairman, IEEE T&D Committee. AC Power
Interference Handbook is written by Marv Loftness, KB7KK, and published by
Percival Technology. ARRL is the worldwide distributor for this title.
These books, as well as the complete ARRL library, are available from the
ARRL Online store <http://www.arrl.org/catalog/>.
==> LAB TESTING CHANGES DETAILED IN OCTOBER QST
In the upcoming October issue of QST, the ARRL Lab introduces a series of
significant new receiver tests. These are the result of development work and
discussions with professionals in the radio industry over a period of
several years.
One new test concerns receiver blocking gain compression and reciprocal
mixing. The ARRL Lab describes Blocking Dynamic Range (BDR) as "a condition
in which the weak [desired] signal is 'blocked' or suppressed" by a strong
interfering signal. This is also known as desense or overload. In some
cases, the cause is a reduction in receiver gain. In other cases ("noise
limited" measurements), the cause is an increase in the receiver's internal
noise due to the noise sidebands of the local oscillator mixing together
with the strong interferer (also known as "reciprocal mixing"). The level of
the noise masks the gain reduction effect on the desired signal. Instead of
reporting the BDR as a noise limited measurement, the Lab will now be using
narrow-band measurement techniques to "dig out" the desired signal on
noise-limited measurements and determine the point of gain reduction.
To distinguish from earlier measurements, the name will be changed to
"Blocking Gain Compression." A separate reciprocal mixing test indicates the
level of noise increase within the receiver caused by the interfering
signal. Together, these two measurements provide more information about how
the receiver behaves with a single strong interfering signal.
>From 1983 onward, ARRL Product Review published IP3 (third order intercept)
figures for receivers based on a noise floor intermodulation distortion
(IMD) response level. In 1993, the level was changed to a response that
produced an S5 reading on the receiver's own S-meter. The decision was based
largely on this being a more typical average of signals that would be found
on the bands. The drawbacks to this approach are that there is a great
variation in S-meters from receiver to receiver (see Product Review, April
2005) and it overlooks the significant change that can often be observed in
receivers at higher signal levels.
With this in mind, the ARRL Lab has decided to measure and report IP3 at
three levels. The lowest level measurement is made at the noise floor, as
has been done in the past. The middle level is done at a standard level
of -97 dBm, defined as S5 in the IARU Region 1 standard for S-meters. For
the highest level, instead of selecting a particular receiver response, the
maximum level of expected interferer will be set to 0 dBm (S9 + 73 dB by the
IARU standard, a loud signal indeed!). These three levels taken together
should present the best overall view of a receiver's total performance, with
each level being most useful in a particular context. For example, someone
doing SSB or CW work on VHF would care most about the receiver performance
at the noise floor, while on HF, an S5 level would be more useful.
According to ARRL Lab Test Manager Mike Tracy, KC1SX, members frequently ask
why manufacturers' sensitivity specifications are given in microvolts but
Product Review measurements are reported in dBm (decibels relative to a
milliwatt). He said, "The chief reason is that manufacturers typically do
not include a bandwidth in their specification, and measurements in
different bandwidths are not directly comparable. All other things being
equal, there is more noise power in a 3 kHz bandwidth than a 2.4 kHz
bandwidth. To overcome that limitation, the sensitivity testing is done with
a 500 Hz bandwidth filter, or as close to that as is available. This permits
reasonable comparisons of different receivers." Although the filters that a
receiver has cannot be changed, the variation in actual bandwidth can be
determined by calculating the Equivalent Rectangular Bandwidth (ERBW). This
is the width that the filter would have if it passed the same noise power
and possessed the "ideal" sha!
pe of vertical sides and a flat passband response.
For more on the changes coming in future Product Reviews, be sure to check
out the October issue of QST.
==> ARRL CONTINUES EFFORTS ON INTERFERENCE TO PAVE PAWS RADAR SITES
On August 13, the ARRL began sending "specific mitigation reduction numbers"
to 122 repeater owners, recommending that they reduce their signal anywhere
from 7 dB to 56 dB, according to ARRL Regulatory Information Branch Manager
Dan Henderson, N1ND. These reductions, requested by the US Air Force and the
Department of Defense, only concern those repeaters identified by the DoD as
affecting the PAVE PAWS radar system.
"Some reductions are going to be attainable," Henderson said. "You can do 7
dB, but 56?" He said such a reduction would "not be realistic to achieve.
While many of the affected repeater owners may not be able to achieve the
required reductions, but that doesn't mean they shouldn't try to meet the
goal. Everyone involved needs to continue trying to meet the DoD's
requirements. This gives us the best chance to keep as many of these
machines as possible on the air."
Henderson stressed that any order to shut down a repeater will come from the
Federal Communications Commission, at the request of the DoD. "This
situation only affects those repeaters on the DoD's list in Massachusetts
and California. It does not affect the everyday, casual user of 70 cm. This
is not a wide-spread threat to the 70 cm band."
Citing an increasing number of interference complaints, the US Air Force has
asked the FCC to order dozens of repeater systems to either mitigate
interference to the PAVE PAWS radars or shut down. The ARRL has been working
with the DoD to develop a plan to mitigate alleged interference from 70 cm
ham radio repeaters to this military radar system on both coasts. According
to the DoD, the in-band interference from Amateur Radio fixed FM voice
repeaters has increased to an unacceptable level. PAVE PAWS radars are used
for national security functions, including early detection of sea-launched
missiles. They are critical to our national defense and are in use 24 hours
per day, seven days per week.
The Amateur Radio Service is a secondary user in the 420-450 MHz (70 cm)
band, both by the Table of Frequency Allocations and the FCC Part 97
regulations. As such, Amateur Radio licensees, jointly and individually,
bear the responsibility of mitigating or eliminating any harmful
interference to the primary user, which in this case is the Government
Radiolocation Service that includes the DoD PAVE PAWS systems.
==>SOLAR UPDATE
Tad "I'm Melting in the Sun, and This Is What They Call the Life" Cook,
K7RA, this week reports: Sunspot numbers pulled up from zero this week, but
barely. Average daily sunspot numbers rose more than nine points to 12.9.
Geomagnetic conditions were quiet. Conditions have been quiet for so long
that we may not appreciate this, as many of us wish for more solar activity
and sunspots. Geophysical Institute Prague predicted earlier that August 31
would be quiet to unsettled, September 1 unsettled to active, unsettled
conditions September 2-3, quiet September 4-5 and unsettled to active again
on September 6. Over the same period, the US Air Force predicts planetary A
index of 15, 25, 12, 12, 8, 5 and 15 for August 31-September 6. From the
same prediction, it looks like September 8-17 may see a return of zero
sunspot days. Sunspot numbers for August 23 through 29 were 12, 12, 14, 13,
12, 14 and 13 with a mean of 12.9. The 10.7 cm flux was 70.8, 71.6, 71.5,
70.1, 69.2, 70.1 and 69!
.6 with a mean of 70.4. Estimated planetary A indices were 2, 2, 8, 10, 12,
11 and 4 with a mean of 7. Estimated mid-latitude A indices were 1, 1, 6,
10, 10, 9 and 4 with a mean of 5.9. For more information concerning radio
propagation, visit the ARRL Technical Information Service Propagation page
<http://www.arrl.org/tis/info/propagation.html>.
__________________________________
==>IN BRIEF:
* This weekend on the radio: This weekend, look for the NCCC Sprint (CW) on
August 31. The Russian RTTY WW Contest and the Wake-Up! QRP Sprint are on
September 1. On September 1-2, check out the All Asian DX Contest (Phone),
RSGB Field Day (SSB) and IARU Region 1 Field Day (SSB). The DARC 10 Meter
Digital Contest is September 2, while the MI QRP Labor Day CW Sprint is
September 3-4 and the ARS Spartan Sprint is September 4. Next week, don't
forget the ARRL September VHF QSO Party, scheduled for September 8-10. The
NCCC Sprint (CW) and the AGCW Straight Key Party are September 7. Another
NCCC Sprint (CW), the SOC Marathon Sprint and the Swiss HTC QRP Sprint are
September 8. The WAE DX Contest (SSB) and the Arkansas QSO Party are
scheduled for September 8-9. The North American Sprint (CW) and the ARCI End
of Summer Digital Sprint are both September 9. The Tennessee QSO Party is
September 9-10, while the YLRL Howdy Days are September 11-13. See the ARRL
Contest Branch page <htt!
p://www.arrl.org/contests/>, the ARRL Contester's Rate Sheet
<http://www.arrl.org/contests/rate-sheet/> and the WA7BNM Contest Calendar
<http://www.hornucopia.com/contestcal/index.html> for more info.
* ARRL Continuing Education course registration: Registration remains open
through Sunday, September 9, 2007, for these online courses beginning on
Friday September 21: Amateur Radio Emergency Communications Level 2
(EC-002); Amateur Radio Emergency Communications Level 3 (EC-003R2); Antenna
Modeling (EC-004); HF Digital Communications (EC-005); VHF/UHF -- Life
Beyond the Repeater (EC-008), and Radio Frequency Propagation (EC-011). To
learn more, visit the CCE Course Listing page
<http://www.arrl.org/cce/courses.html> or contact the Continuing Education
Program Coordinator <cce at arrl.org>.
* ARRL Headquarters Closed in Observance of Labor Day: ARRL Headquarters
will be closed in observance of Labor Day on Monday, September 3. There will
be no W1AW bulletin or code practice transmissions that day. ARRL
Headquarters will reopen Tuesday, September 4 at 8 AM Eastern Daylight Time.
We wish everyone a safe and fun Labor Day holiday.
* Upcoming Meteor Shower Can Be Boon for VHFers: VHFers, particularly those
interested in meteor scatter, should be on the alert Saturday morning,
September 1, for what could be a rare opportunity of excellent propagation.
At 1137 UTC (+/- 20 minutes), the Earth's orbit will cross through the dust
trail of long-period comet C/1911 N1 (Kiess), which is expected to provide a
short but active two hour outburst of bright (-2 to +3 magnitude) meteors
radiating from the constellation Auriga. Predicted rates for this particular
Aurigids vary from around 100 meteors per hour to up to 1000. If high rates
are achieved, the meteors could provide "open-band" conditions during the
peak times. It might certainly be worth a look on 2 meters (or higher)
during the hour leading up to the peak and through the peak time period. The
meteor radiant is ideally placed for North Americans, so the more stations
that are active, the more people can take advantage of what might possibly
happen in the !
sky on Saturday morning. If conditions turn out to be excellent, the best
mode for information exchange will be on SSB, keeping calls and
transmissions very short and exchanging minimal information, such as signal
reports or grids. As usual, the best frequency on 2 meters will likely be
144.200 MHz, with stations spreading out from there if conditions
arrant. -- Information provided by Steve McDonald, VE7SL
* ARRL/TAPR Digital Communications Conference Sunday Seminar Announced:
Robert McGwier, N4HY, will present "A Stroll through Software Radio,
Information Theory and Some Applications" at the ARRL/TAPR Digital
Communications Conference Sunday Seminar in Hartford, Connecticut on
September 30. The seminar will cover the basic building blocks of a simple
software radio system, as well as a discussion of information theory and its
practical use in communication systems. As time permits, McGwier plans to
demonstrate several software radio systems ranging from the Softrock40 to
the GnuRadio/USRP and the Flex5000. Attendees will receive packages
containing tutorials and software. McGwier is the chairman of the ARRL
Software Defined Radio Working Group, a member of the SDR Forum and a
contributor to GnuRadio and vice president of engineering for AMSAT-NA. He
is co-author with Frank Brickle, AB2KT, of DttSP, a software radio suite
used in Flex Radio's PowerSDR to operate its SDR transc!
eivers. The ARRL/TAPR Digital Communications Conference will be held
September 28-30 at the Doubletree Hotel in Windsor Locks, Connecticut, just
north of Hartford. For more information and registration, see the
conference's Web site <http://www.tapr.org/dcc>, or call the TAPR office at
972-671-8277. Tickets for the Sunday Seminar are $25 and are separate from
the conference registration fee.
* Malaysia to Celebrate 50 Years of Independence with Amateur Radio Event:
Radio amateurs in Malaysia will celebrate its 50 years of independence from
Great Britain with a nationwide Field Day August 30-September 1 with 9M50Mx
special event call signs. The Malaysian Amateur Radio Transmitter's Society
(MARTS) <http://www.marts.org.my/> invites Amateur Radio operators from all
over the world to celebrate with Malaysia on air. The Malaysian
Communications and Multimedia Commission granted these 9M50Mx special event
call signs for the first time in history of Malaysian Amateur Radio. To
celebrate the occasion, the Merdeka Field Day (MFD) -- Merdeka means
independence in the Malay language -- has a total of 16 stations operating
simultaneously in different cities, as well as in the middle of the jungle.
QSL to the Bureau at PO Box 10777, 50724 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. --
Information provided by Lance M. T. Lai, 9W2LAI, MARTS Honorary Secretary
* QEX -- In This Issue: The September/October issue of QEX is out, and it is
full of theoretical and practical technical articles. In this issue, Maynard
Wright, W6PAP, explains the impedance graphing capabilities of some powerful
computer software in "Octave for Circle Diagrams." Dr George Steber, WB9LVI,
describes some simple circuits that combine with a digital oscilloscope,
signal generator and PC to create "An Unusual Vector Network Analyzer."
Mateo Campanella, IZ2EEQ, used a direct digital synthesizer IC and PIC
microcontroller to build "A DDS Based QRSS (and CW) Beacon." Paolo
Antonizzi, IW2ACD and Marco Arecco, IK2WAQ, team up to describe the design
and lab testing of "Very High Q Microwave Cavities and Filters." J. R.
Laughlin, KE5KSC, designed a circuit to reduce background noise pick-up and
feedback squeal for a "Differential Leveling Microphone." Steve Gradijan,
WB5KIA, shares the news about a free software development tool by Code Gear
from Borland in "Turbo Del!
phi Explorer: Develop Amateur Radio Projects for Windows with a Free
Compiler." Fred Glenn, K9SO, describes his system of using Excel
spreadsheets to compare antenna performance and propagation predictions by
"Using Gain-Probability Data to Compare Antenna Performances." Contributing
Editor L.B. Cebik, W4RNL, compares some circularly polarized satellite
antennas in "Antenna Options." QEX is edited by Larry Wolfgang, WR1B
(lwolfgang at arrl.org), and is published six times a year. Subscribe to QEX
today <http://www.arrl.org/qex>.
* Let Us Know: What's your favorite part of The ARRL Letter? What kind of
stories would you like to see in the Letter? Would you prefer the Letter in
an HTML format? This is your Letter and your chance to let your voice be
heard. Please send your suggestions to ARRL News Editor S. Khrystyne Keane,
K1SFA, at k1sfa at arrl.org, with the subject line "ARRL Letter Suggestions."
All messages will be read and discussed, and we look forward to implementing
positive suggestions into the ARRL Letter.
===========================================================
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