[Fists] Re: A simple way to determine your PARIS speed
Cheryl W. Ring
[email protected]
Tue, 23 Sep 2003 16:15:53 -0400
Thanks Andrew,
I am very sure you made a typo in your explaination - here: I corrected it
below.
==== Andrew's Post (Corrected) ====
One dash (3 units) plus in inter-character space (1 unit) totals 4 units. A
speed of 1 w.p.m. is 50 units per minute, or 0.833 units per second. At that
rate, the time taken to send a dash and inter-ELEMENT speace (4 units) would
be
4 / 0.833 = 4.80 seconds. Now if you were sending at 2 words per minute,
each unit woul dtake half the time, so in 4.8 seconds you could send 2
dashes plus their inter-character spaces. At 15 w.p.m. you could send 15
dashes (plus their spaces), and at 20 w.p.m. you could send 20, all in 4.8
seconds.
==========End of quoted post ===========
If we were to key a transmitter with a string of DASHES we would have 3 ON
and 1 unit OFF. out of a total of 4 units (counts).
So transmitter keying is 3/4 or 75% duty. When measured with a fast enough
analog meter a string of dashes should produce a THREE-QUARTER (3/4)
readings for a series of dashes.
With dots, the duty cycle is 1 ON out and 1 unit OFF for a total of 2 time
units - so the transmitter keying is 1/2 or 50% duty.
So when measured with a fast enough analog meter a string of dots should
produce HALF SCALE Readings for a series of dots.
We used to set up a Vibroplex so that a Ohm Meter across the keyline would
produce full scale (zero ohms) when shorted with the dash lever, but for 50%
reading when keying a series of dots.
**** **** *****
If you use your "dashes in 4.8 seconds=wpm" for dots (which I think is
easier for adjusting semi-automatic keys) the figure changes to "dots in 2.4
seconds=wpm" because the TIME needed to send a dash is 4 units but the TIME
needed to send a dot is only 2 units - so there is a 2:1 ratio as far as
TIME is concerned.
Dots in 2.4 seconds = wpm
Here is what I find to be the easiest for a spot check of the speed:
Count the number of letters sent in 12 seconds - this will be the aproximate
word per minute speed of your morse.
73
David N1EA
----- Original Message -----
From: "Andrew Roos" <[email protected]>
To: "Cheryl W. Ring" <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>
Sent: Tuesday, September 23, 2003 7:46 AM
Subject: A simple way to determine your PARIS speed
> Hi David
>
> The timing relationships you point out means there is a simple way to
> accurately determine your PARIS word speed if you are using a keyer and
the
> various elements are correctly weighted.
>
> One dash (3 units) plus in inter-character space (1 unit) totals 4 units.
A
> speed of 1 w.p.m. is 50 units per minute, or 0.833 units per second. At
that
> rate, the time taken to send a dash and inter-word speace (4 units) would
be
> 4 / 0.833 = 4.80 seconds. Now if you were sending at 2 words per minute,
> each unit woul dtake half the time, so in 4.8 seconds you could send 2
> dashes plus their inter-character spaces. At 15 w.p.m. you could send 15
> dashes (plus their spaces), and at 20 w.p.m. you could send 20, all in 4.8
> seconds.
>
> So to determine speed in words per minute when using an electronic keyer,
> simply hold the "dash" key down and count how many dashes there are in 4.8
> seconds. (Remember to allow for the inter-character space after the final
> "dash" - in otherwords, if your 4.8 second period starts with a "dash"
then
> it should end with a "space".) That is your PARIS speed in words per
minute.
>
> NB that this is only accurate with a correctly weighted keyer. If the
> weighting of dashes to dots is not 3:1 or if inter-element spaces are not
> the same length as a dot then it will not give an accurate result.
>
> 73,
> Andrew ZS1AN
>
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: [email protected] [mailto:[email protected]]On
> > Behalf Of Cheryl W. Ring
> > Sent: 23 September 2003 07:49
> > To: [email protected]
> > Subject: [Fists] Morse Code Timing (LONG)
> >
> >
> > The basic element of Morse code is the dot, all other code elements are
> > defined in relationship to the length of the dot.
> >
> > A DASH is equal to THREE dots in length -- but it is NOT equal to the
> > length of three dots sent as an S because there are "interelement
spaces"
> > inbetween the dots. They are equal to the length of one dot.
> >
> > Dot = The element on which
> > everything else is
> > based = 1 unit
> > Dash = 3 dots in length.
> > Inter-element space: 1 dot length. (The space between the dots
> > or dashes
> > in a character).
> > inter-character space: 3 dot lengths
> > Word space: 7 dot lengths.
> >
> > The word "PARIS" was chosen for the international standard for timing
> > English (and most other) languages.
> > This word has 50 elements - or it is equal to 50 "dots" in length.
> >
> > Here is how it is timed:
> >
> > The figure 1 represents a dot, the figure 3 represents a dash, the
figure
> > (1) indicates an inter-element space, the figure (3) represents a
> > character-space, and the figure (7) represents a word-space.
> >
> > P
> > 1 (1) 3 (1) 3 (1) 1 11
> > Inter-character space (3) 3
> >
> > A
> > 1 (1) 3 5
> > Inter-character space (3) 3
> >
> > R
> > 1(1)3(1)1 7
> > Inter-character space (3) 3
> >
> > I
> > 1(1)1 3
> > Inter-character space (3) 3
> >
> > S
> > 1(1)1(1)1 5
> > Word space (7) 7
> >
> > Total "units" EQUALS 50
> >
> > NOTICE that the final WORD space lengthens the "normal" inter-character
> > space to 2-1/3 times its length. You will hear MANY people just using
the
> > short 3 unit long inter-character space. They should learn to "at
least"
> > double it - so that you can know where the word breaks are.
> >
> > Many operators (I do) prefer to double the word space at speeds above 30
> > wpm. I personally find it very much easier to copy speeds above
> > 50 wpm with
> > double word space. It was common in commercial radiotelegraphy to
double
> > word space at speeds above 25 wpm.
> >
> > CIPHER groups are timed by the "word" CODEX or CODEZ (they both have the
> > same value.)
> >
> > C
> > 3(1)1(1)3(1)1 11
> > Inter-character space (3) 3
> >
> > O
> > 3(1)3(1)3 11
> > Inter-character space (3) 3
> >
> > D
> > 3(1)1(1)1 7
> > Inter-character space (3) 3 38
> >
> > E
> > 1(1) 2
> > Inter-character space (3) 3 43
> >
> > X
> > 3(1)1(1)1(1)3 11
> > Word space (7) 7
> >
> >
> > Total UNIT COUNT = 61
> >
> >
> >
> > Total "units" EQUALS 50
> >
> >
> > This means that for a given speed at which PARIS produces a
> > certain Word Per
> > Minute (WPM) the code speed for Code Groups will only be 50/61 of that
> > speed - or 83%
> >
> > If we are sending 20 wpm of English, and then start sending code groups
of
> > random letters, we will be sending at 16.39 wpm.
> >
> > 73
> >
> > David Ring, N1EA
> > _______________________________________________
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> >
>
>