[DX] Dx study results (long)

[John Geiger]

I am resending this message because of problems with
attachments.  Here is the entire data:

A few months ago I solicited volunteers from the DX
community who had participated in DXpeditions.  I was
trying to determine the personality profile of people
who were successful on dxpeditions to remote and
uninhabited locations.  I am now including additional
results from that study.  I sent some general results
about a month ago to the reflectors.

I was overwhelmed by the interest and participation
from the hams on these reflectors.  I would like to
thank all those who participated, both for taking time
to complete the survey, and for the great service they
have done for the dx community.

There were five main personality traits-and each trait
had 6 facets which comprised that trait.  The
following results cover these facets, and how
dxpedition hams scored on them relative to the general
population.
I would be intersted in any feedback about these
results.

Extraversion Facets

�	Friendliness. Friendly people genuinely like other
people and openly demonstrate positive feelings toward
others. They make friends quickly and it is easy for
them to form close, intimate relationships. Low
scorers on Friendliness are not necessarily cold and
hostile, but they do not reach out to others and are
perceived as distant and reserved. Dxpedition hams
scored above average on this measure. 

�	Gregariousness. Gregarious people find the company
of others pleasantly stimulating and rewarding. They
enjoy the excitement of crowds. Low scorers tend to
feel overwhelmed by, and therefore actively avoid,
large crowds. They do not necessarily dislike being
with people sometimes, but their need for privacy and
time to themselves is much greater than for
individuals who score high on this scale. Dxpedition
hams scored average on this measure 

�	Assertiveness. High scorers Assertiveness like to
speak out, take charge, and direct the activities of
others. They tend to be leaders in groups. Low scorers
tend not to talk much and let others control the
activities of groups. Dxpedition hams scored average
on this measure 

�	Activity Level. Active individuals lead fast-paced,
busy lives. They move about quickly, energetically,
and vigorously, and they are involved in many
activities. People who score low on this scale follow
a slower and more leisurely, relaxed pace. Dxpedition
hams scored above average on this measure. 

�	Excitement-Seeking. High scorers on this scale are
easily bored without high levels of stimulation. They
love bright lights and hustle and bustle. They are
likely to take risks and seek thrills. Low scorers are
overwhelmed by noise and commotion and are adverse to
thrill-seeking. Dxpedition hams scored average on this
measure, which is surprising.  I would have believed
that they were above average.   

�	Cheerfulness. This scale measures positive mood and
feelings, not negative emotions (which are a part of
the Neuroticism domain). Persons who score high on
this scale typically experience a range of positive
feelings, including happiness, enthusiasm, optimism,
and joy. Low scorers are not as prone to such
energetic, high spirits. Dxpedition hams scored above
average on this measure. 

Agreeableness Facets

�	Trust. A person with high trust assumes that most
people are fair, honest, and have good intentions.
Persons low in trust see others as selfish, devious,
and potentially dangerous. Dxpedition hams scored
above average on this measure.  

�	Morality. High scorers on this scale see no need for
pretense or manipulation when dealing with others and
are therefore candid, frank, and sincere. Low scorers
believe that a certain amount of deception in social
relationships is necessary. People find it relatively
easy to relate to the straightforward high-scorers on
this scale. They generally find it more difficult to
relate to the unstraightforward low-scorers on this
scale. It should be made clear that low scorers are
not unprincipled or immoral; they are simply more
guarded and less willing to openly reveal the whole
truth. Dxpedition hams scored above average on this
measure. 

�	Altruism. Altruistic people find helping other
people genuinely rewarding. Consequently, they are
generally willing to assist those who are in need.
Altruistic people find that doing things for others is
a form of self-fulfillment rather than self-sacrifice.
Low scorers on this scale do not particularly like
helping those in need. Requests for help feel like an
imposition rather than an opportunity for
self-fulfillment. Dxpedition hams scored average on
this measure.

�	Cooperation. Individuals who score high on this
scale dislike confrontations. They are perfectly
willing to compromise or to deny their own needs in
order to get along with others. Those who score low on
this scale are more likely to intimidate others to get
their way. Dxpedition hams scored above average on
this measure.   This is good since cooperation would
seem to be of utmost importance in an uninhabited
place. 

�	Modesty. High scorers on this scale do not like to
claim that they are better than other people. In some
cases this attitude may derive from low
self-confidence or self-esteem. Nonetheless, some
people with high self-esteem find immodesty unseemly.
Those who are willing to describe themselves as
superior tend to be seen as disagreeably arrogant by
other people. Dxpedition hams scored average on this
measure. 

�	Sympathy. People who score high on this scale are
tenderhearted and compassionate. They feel the pain of
others vicariously and are easily moved to pity. Low
scorers are not affected strongly by human suffering.
They pride themselves on making objective judgments
based on reason. They are more concerned with truth
and impartial justice than with mercy. Dxpedition hams
scored average on this measure.

Conscientiousness Facets

�	Self-Efficacy. Self-Efficacy describes confidence in
one's ability to accomplish things. High scorers
believe they have the intelligence (common sense),
drive, and self-control necessary for achieving
success. Low scorers do not feel effective, and may
have a sense that they are not in control of their
lives. Dxpedition hams scored above average on this
measure.  

�	Orderliness. Persons with high scores on orderliness
are well-organized. They like to live according to
routines and schedules. They keep lists and make
plans. Low scorers tend to be disorganized and
scattered. Dxpedition hams scored average on this
measure. 

�	Dutifulness. This scale reflects the strength of a
person's sense of duty and obligation. Those who score
high on this scale have a strong sense of moral
obligation. Low scorers find contracts, rules, and
regulations overly confining. They are likely to be
seen as unreliable or even irresponsible. Dxpedition
hams scored above average on this measure.   I am glad
to see they are above average on this measure. 

�	Achievement-Striving. Individuals who score high on
this scale strive hard to achieve excellence. Their
drive to be recognized as successful keeps them on
track toward their lofty goals. They often have a
strong sense of direction in life, but extremely high
scores may be too single-minded and obsessed with
their work. Low scorers are content to get by with a
minimal amount of work, and might be seen by others as
lazy. Dxpedition hams scored above average on this
measure.  

�	Self-Discipline. Self-discipline-what many people
call will-power-refers to the ability to persist at
difficult or unpleasant tasks until they are
completed. People who possess high self-discipline are
able to overcome reluctance to begin tasks and stay on
track despite distractions. Those with low
self-discipline procrastinate and show poor
follow-through, often failing to complete tasks-even
tasks they want very much to complete. Dxpedition hams
scored above average on this measure. 

�	Cautiousness. Cautiousness describes the disposition
to think through possibilities before acting. High
scorers on the Cautiousness scale take their time when
making decisions. Low scorers often say or do first
thing that comes to mind without deliberating
alternatives and the probable consequences of those
alternatives. Dxpedition hams scored above average on
this measure.  

Neuroticism Facets

�	Anxiety. The "fight-or-flight" system of the brain
of anxious individuals is too easily and too often
engaged. Therefore, people who are high in anxiety
often feel like something dangerous is about to
happen. They may be afraid of specific situations or
be just generally fearful. They feel tense, jittery,
and nervous. Persons low in Anxiety are generally calm
and fearless. Dxpedition hams score below average on
this measure. 

�	Anger. Persons who score high in Anger feel enraged
when things do not go their way. They are sensitive
about being treated fairly and feel resentful and
bitter when they feel they are being cheated. This
scale measures the tendency to feel angry; whether or
not the person expresses annoyance and hostility
depends on the individual's level on Agreeableness.
Low scorers do not get angry often or easily.
Dxpedition hams score below average on this measure.  

�	Depression. This scale measures the tendency to feel
sad, dejected, and discouraged. High scorers lack
energy and have difficult initiating activities. Low
scorers tend to be free from these depressive
feelings. Dxpedition hams score below average on this
measure.   This measure also showed the only
difference between hams who had been on an uninhabited
location DXpedition, and those that had been only on
inhabited location dxpeditions.  Those that had been
to uninhabited locations were lower in depression. 

�	Self-Consciousness. Self-conscious individuals are
sensitive about what others think of them. Their
concern about rejection and ridicule cause them to
feel shy and uncomfortable abound others. They are
easily embarrassed and often feel ashamed. Their fears
that others will criticize or make fun of them are
exaggerated and unrealistic, but their awkwardness and
discomfort may make these fears a self-fulfilling
prophecy. Low scorers, in contrast, do not suffer from
the mistaken impression that everyone is watching and
judging them. They do not feel nervous in social
situations. Dxpedition hams scored average on this
measure. 

�	Immoderation. Immoderate individuals feel strong
cravings and urges that they have have difficulty
resisting. They tend to be oriented toward short-term
pleasures and rewards rather than long- term
consequences. Low scorers do not experience strong,
irresistible cravings and consequently do not find
themselves tempted to overindulge. Dxpedition hams
score below average on this measure. 

�	Vulnerability. High scorers on Vulnerability
experience panic, confusion, and helplessness when
under pressure or stress. Low scorers feel more
poised, confident, and clear-thinking when stressed.
Dxpedition hams score below average on this measure.  

Openness Facets

�	Imagination. To imaginative individuals, the real
world is often too plain and ordinary. High scorers on
this scale use fantasy as a way of creating a richer,
more interesting world. Low scorers are on this scale
are more oriented to facts than fantasy. Dxpedition
hams score below average on this measure.  

�	Artistic Interests. High scorers on this scale love
beauty, both in art and in nature. They become easily
involved and absorbed in artistic and natural events.
They are not necessarily artistically trained nor
talented, although many will be. The defining features
of this scale are interest in, and appreciation of
natural and artificial beauty. Low scorers lack
aesthetic sensitivity and interest in the arts.
Dxpedition hams score below average on this measure. 

�	Emotionality. Persons high on Emotionality have good
access to and awareness of their own feelings. Low
scorers are less aware of their feelings and tend not
to express their emotions openly. Dxpedition hams
scored average on this measure. 

�	Adventurousness. High scorers on adventurousness are
eager to try new activities, travel to foreign lands,
and experience different things. They find familiarity
and routine boring, and will take a new route home
just because it is different. Low scorers tend to feel
uncomfortable with change and prefer familiar
routines.  Dxpedition hams scored average on this
measure, which is surprising.  It seems that this
measure describes going on a dxpedition. 

�	Intellect. Intellect and artistic interests are the
two most important, central aspects of openness to
experience. High scorers on Intellect love to play
with ideas. They are open-minded to new and unusual
ideas, and like to debate intellectual issues. They
enjoy riddles, puzzles, and brain teasers. Low scorers
on Intellect prefer dealing with either people or
things rather than ideas. They regard intellectual
exercises as a waste of time. Intellect should not be
equated with intelligence. Intellect is an
intellectual style, not an intellectual ability,
although high scorers on Intellect score slightly
higher than low-Intellect individuals on standardized
intelligence tests. Dxpedition hams scored average on
this measure 

�	Liberalism. Psychological liberalism refers to a
readiness to challenge authority, convention, and
traditional values. In its most extreme form,
psychological liberalism can even represent outright
hostility toward rules, sympathy for law-breakers, and
love of ambiguity, chaos, and disorder. Psychological
conservatives prefer the security and stability
brought by conformity to tradition. Psychological
liberalism and conservatism are not identical to
political affiliation, but certainly incline
individuals toward certain political parties. 
Dxpedition hams scored average on this measure.




=====
John Geiger
Assistant Professor, Cameron University
Ham Call NE0P, active 160-23cm
Kenwood TS2000, Icom T81A, Icom 505-6 meter portable/mobile
Now on RTTY, PSK, Hellschreiber, JT43, and HSMS with WSJT
SMIRK 5768, 10X 67581, 6 club 497
5BWAS, DXCC, 2 VUCCs on 50 mhz (Iowa, Illinois)

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