[Boatanchors] Fundamental Research

[Nick England]

Claude Shannon? Harry Nyquist?

Nobel Prizes in Physics for work done at Bell Labs

   - 1937: Clinton Davisson for discovering that electrons diffract like
   light <https://www.britannica.com/science/light> waves
   - 1956: John Bardeen, Walter H. Brattain, and William B. Shockley for
   inventing the transistor
   <https://www.britannica.com/technology/transistor>
   - 1977: Philip W. Anderson
   <https://www.britannica.com/biography/Philip-W-Anderson> for his study
   of disordered materials
   - 1978: Arno Penzias and Robert W. Wilson for discovering the cosmic
   microwave background radiation
   - 1997: Steven Chu <https://www.britannica.com/biography/Steven-Chu> for
   his research in cooling and trapping atoms
   <https://www.britannica.com/science/atom> using laser
   <https://www.britannica.com/technology/laser>light
   - 1998: Horst L. Störmer
   <https://www.britannica.com/biography/Horst-Stormer>, Robert B. Laughlin
   <https://www.britannica.com/biography/Robert-B-Laughlin>, and Daniel C.
   Tsui <https://www.britannica.com/biography/Daniel-C-Tsui> for
   discovering the fractional quantum
   <https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/quantum>Hall effect
   <https://www.britannica.com/science/Hall-effect>
   - 2009: Willard Boyle
   <https://www.britannica.com/biography/Willard-Boyle> and George E. Smith
   <https://www.britannica.com/biography/George-E-Smith> for inventing
the charge-coupled
   device <https://www.britannica.com/technology/CCD> (CCD
   <https://www.britannica.com/technology/CCD>)
   - 2018: Arthur Ashkin
   <https://www.britannica.com/biography/Arthur-Ashkin> for inventing optical
   tweezers <https://www.britannica.com/science/optical-tweezer>



On Fri, Apr 22, 2022 at 6:50 PM Richard Knoppow <1oldlens1 at ix.netcom.com>
wrote:

>     I think the research behind the laser probably fits in as
> basic research but I am not so sure about the development of the
> transistor. Basic research means the discovery of new physical
> principles, not just the application of known principles to
> practical purposes. I don't remember the details of the
> development of the transistor but it seems to me that "amplifying
> crystals" long predated the transistor even though they were not
> practical. I also do not remember what was attributed to GE as
> basic discovery. However, Bell Labs seems to have been well ahead
> of the game.
>
> On 4/22/2022 3:20 PM, manualman at juno.com wrote:
> > I agree with Jim. There were many "fundamental research" projects going
> > on at Bell Telephone Laboratories (BTL) all the time. Their fundamental
> > research into infrared and optical light as powerful tools for
> > spectroscopy  eventually would lead them into the invention of the laser.
> > Having worked at Bell Telephone Labs for many years, I was always in awe
> > at some the research avenues engineers and scientists were pursuing on a
> > daily basis. Was never sorry I turned down a job offer at RCA
> > Laboratories in West Windsor/Princeton, NJ and took the job offer at BTL.
> >
> > Pete, wa2cwa
> >
> >
> > On Fri, 22 Apr 2022 21:33:24 +0000 JAMES HANLON <knjhanlon at msn.com>
> > writes:
> >> Richard Knoppow wrote"While all did important
> >> industrial research none did much fundamental research."  I think
> >> Bell Labs' invention of the transistor certainly ranks as important
> >> "fundamental research."
> >>
> >> Jim, W8KGI
> >
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> --
> Richard Knoppow
> 1oldlens1 at ix.netcom.com
> WB6KBL
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-- 
Nick England K4NYW
www.navy-radio.com